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Paule Marshall (born April 9, 1929)〔("Paule Marsahll" page ) at NNDB.〕 is an American author, whose novels "emphasize the need for black Americans to reclaim their African heritage".〔("Paule Marshall" ), Encyclopædia Britannica.〕 ==Life and career== She was born Valenza Pauline Burke〔Deepika Bahrim ("Marshall, Paule" ), Postcolonial Studies @ Emory.〕 in Brooklyn to Barbadian parents who had migrated to New York in the 1940s.〔Mary Katherine Wainwright, ("Marshall, Paule 1929–" ), Encyclopedia.com.〕 She educated at Girls High School, Brooklyn College (1953) and Hunter College, New York (1955).〔John M. Reilly, ("Paule Marshall Biography" ), jrank.org.〕 In 1950 she married psychologist Kenneth Marshall; they divorced in 1963. In the 1970s she married Nourry Menard, a Haitian businessman.〔("Paule Marshall" ), Voices from the Gaps - University of Minnesota.〕 Early in her career, she wrote poetry, but later returned to prose, her first novel ''Brown Girl, Brownstones'' being published in 1959. She received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1960 and the following year published ''Soul Clap Hands and Sing'', a collection of four novellas that won her the National Institute of Arts Award.〔 In 1965, she was chosen by Langston Hughes to accompany him on a State Department-sponsored world tour, on which they both read their work, which was a boon to her career.〔Jonathan Yardley, ("A memoir from Paule Marshall, author of "Brown Girl, Brownstones" ). ''The Washington Post'', March 1, 2009.〕 She subsequently published the novels ''The Chosen Place, the Timeless People'' (1969), which the ''New York Times Book Review'' “one of the four or five most impressive novels ever written by a black American”,〔''The New York Times Book Review'', November 30, 1969, p. 24.〕 and ''Praisesong for the Widow'' (1983), the latter winning the Before Columbus Foundation American Book Award in 1984.〔 Marshall has taught at Virginia Commonwealth University, the University of California, Berkeley, the Iowa Writers' Workshop, and Yale University before holding the Helen Gould Sheppard Chair of Literature and Culture at New York University.〔(Creative Writing Program, New York University. )〕 In 1993 she received an honorary L.H.D. from Bates College. She lives in Richmond, Virginia. She is a MacArthur Fellow and is a past winner of the Dos Passos Prize for Literature. She was designated as a Literary Lion by the New York Public Library in 1994. Marshall was inducted into the Celebrity Path at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden in 2001. Her memoir, ''Triangular Road'', was published in 2009.〔(''Triangular Road: A Memoir'' by Paule Marshall ), Basic Civitas Books. ISBN 0465013597.〕 In 2010, Paule Marshall won a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards.〔anisfield-wolf.org〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paule Marshall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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